Low-energy, low-emission process cracks crude oil

Jul 28, 2009 02:00 AM

Scientists have developed an environmentally clean and energy-efficient method to modify the properties of crude oil and break down long molecules into smaller molecules at room temperature.
Eupelix, along with researchers at the University of Illinois College of Engineering, the Illinois Sustainable Technology Centre, and the Illinois State Geological Survey, used high-frequency, solid-state pulse generators in proprietary circuits and reactors to produce fast electromagnetic fields that affected the physical and chemical properties of crude oils. The process decreased the content of heavy oil fractions by breaking them into more valuable, lighter fractions. In addition, the viscosity and the sulphur content were decreased.

Traditional thermal cracking processes are carried out at extremely high temperatures. Temperatures exceeding 500 degrees Celsius are needed to produce gasoline and diesel fuels.
"Using such high temperatures involves extensive energy consumption, contributing to thecost of fuels and having negative environmental impact," says Eupelix CEO Dmitri Novikov.

The new process also facilitates petroleum desulfurization, which is an important issue as the oil industry works to reduce the content of sulphur in end products to meet environmental requirements.
"About a decade ago, the project was in the nascent stage because the pulse equipment was not nearly as efficient as it has become in recent years. Almost no one tried applying it for processing of petroleum," says Igor Pyzh, a visiting engineering consultant from the Ukraine who is assisting with experiments for prospective industrial partners and collaborators in the US.

Using available powerful pulse equipment, hundreds of thousands of barrels of oil per day can be processed to satisfy commercial-scale refining demand. Pyzh explains that it is just a matter of adjusting the equipment for the types of processed oils.
The company's major efforts are focused on applying this process to large-scale petroleum refining.

Source / Chemical Engineering Progress